He aha i hiahiatia ai te whakamomona i te rapa? He aha ngā painga o te whakamomona i te rapa?
Ahakoa he āhuatanga whakamahinga whai hua anō hoki o te rapa mata, he maha anō hoki ōna ngoikoretanga, pērā i te kaha iti me te ngāwari iti; ka mārō te matao, ka piri te wera; ka ngāwari te pakeke, me ētahi atu. I te tekau tau atu i 1840, i kitea ka taea te whakawhiti i te rapa mā te whakamahana tahi me te whanariki. Nō reira, tae noa mai ki tēnei wā, ahakoa ka taea te whakawhiti i te rapa ki te whanariki, engari ki te maha atu o ngā kaihoko whakawhiti matū me ngā tikanga ā-tinana me te matū, i roto i te umanga rapa, he tikanga tonu te kī ko te whakawhiti rapa he "whakamomona", i te mea ka kī te umanga tukatuka kirihou i ētahi wā ko te tauhohenga whakawhiti he whakamaroke. Ka tino whakapai ake te whakamomona i te mahi a te rapa mata, ka whakawhānui ake i te whānuitanga o te whakamahinga o te rapa, ā, ka whakatakoto i te turanga mō te whakaputa ahumahi nui me te whakamahinga o te rapa.
Ko te whakamomona rapa tētahi o ngā tukanga matua o te tukatuka hua rapa, ā, koinei hoki te taahiraa tukatuka whakamutunga o te hanga hua rapa. I roto i tēnei tukanga, ka pāngia te rapa e tētahi raupapa o ngā huringa matū uaua, mai i te ranunga kirihou ki te rapa tino ngāwari, ki te rapa honohono-mārō rānei, kia whiwhi ai i ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana, ā-pūkaha me te matū tino pai ake, me te whakapai ake me te whakawhānui ake i te uara whakamahi me te whānuitanga tono o ngā rauemi rapa. Nō reira, he mea nui te whakamomona mō te hanga me te tono o te rapa me ōna hua.
Te ariā o te whakamomona
Ko te whakamomona e pā ana ki te hua haurua-oti i hangaia mai i ngā rauemi rapa me te āhua kirihou me te matotoru (rapa mata, kirihou matū, rapa whakauru) mā te tukatuka tika (pēnei i te hurihuri, te whakaputa, te whakakoi, me ētahi atu) i raro i ētahi āhuatanga o waho, mā roto i ngā āhuatanga matū (pēnei i te pūnaha whakamomona) me ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana (pēnei i te γ). Ko te tukanga o te huri i te pānga o te irahiko ki ngā hua rapa ngāwari, ki ngā hua rapa mārō rānei kia whiwhi ai i te mahi pai i te whakamahinga. I te wā o te tukanga whakamomona, ka puta he tauhohenga matū i waenga i te rapa mata i roto i ngā wāhanga rauemi rapa me te kaihoko whakamomona, i waenga rānei i te rapa mata me te rapa mata, ka hua ake te hononga whakawhiti o ngā macromolecules rapa raina ki ngā macromolecules hanganga whatunga toru-ahu.
Nā tēnei tauhohenga, kua tino whakapaitia ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te rapa, ā, kua taea ai e ngā hua rapa te whiwhi āhuatanga ā-tinana, ā-mīhini, me ētahi atu āhuatanga e taea ai te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o te whakamahinga hua. Ko te uho o te whakamomona ko te hononga whakawhiti, arā, te tukanga o te huri i ngā hanganga ngota rapa rārangi ki ngā hanganga whatunga ā-wāhi.
Te tukanga whakapūngāwhā
I muri i te paunatia o te nui o te rapa me te matū whakapūkara, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te tāpiri i te matū whakapūkara. E taunakihia ana kia whai i ngā mahi e whai ake nei hei whakaoti.
1. Tuatahi, horoia te mira whakatuwheratanga kia tino ma ai, kia kore ai e konatunatua ētahi atu poke. Kātahi ka whakatikatika i te teitei o te hurihanga o te mira whakatuwheratanga ki te iti rawa, ka ringihia te rapa whakaranu ki roto i te mira whakatuwheratanga kia angiangi ai. Kia oti te hurihanga angiangi, me whakanui ake te tawhiti o te hurihanga o te mīhini whakaranu kia ōrite ai te takai o te rapa whakaranu ki runga i ngā rōra. Me tata ki te 80°C te pāmahana o te mata o te rapa whakaranu.
2. Mā te whakarerekē i te teitei o te roera me te whakamatao i te wai, ka whakahaerehia te pāmahana o te rapa kua whakaranua ki te 60-80 °C. I tēnei wā, ka tīmata te tāpiri i te matū whakapūkara ki te rapa kua whakaranua.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-25-2023
