1. Te rere o te tukanga taketake
He maha ngā momo hua rapa, engari he rite tonu te tukanga whakaputa. Ko te tukanga taketake o ngā hua rapa me te rapa totoka-rapa mata whānui hei rauemi mata e ono ngā tukanga taketake: te whakakirihou, te whakaranu, te whakatārewatanga, te whakaputa, te whakahāngai me te whakamomona. Ko te tikanga, he mea nui hoki ngā tukanga taketake pēnei i te whakarite rauemi mata, te whakaoti hua kua oti, te tirotiro me te takai. Ko te hangarau tukatuka rapa te mea nui hei whakaoti i te taupatupatu i waenga i te kirihou me ngā āhuatanga ngāwari. Mā roto i ngā tikanga hangarau maha, ka hurihia te rapa ngāwari hei rapa kirihou kua kuruhia, kātahi ka tāpirihia ngā momo matū whakaranu hei hanga hua haurua-oti, kātahi ka hurihia ngā hua haurua-oti kirihou hei hua rapa he ngāwari teitei me ngā āhuatanga ā-tinana me ā-mīhini pai mā te whakamomona.
2. Te whakarite rauemi mata
Ko te rapa mata te rauemi matua o ngā hua rapa, ā, ka kohia te rapa mata mā te tapahi horihori i te kiri o ngā rākau rapa e tipu ana i ngā rohe wera me ngā rohe iti.
He rauemi āwhina ngā momo matū whakaranu hei whakapai ake i ētahi āhuatanga o ngā hua rapa.
Ko ngā rauemi muka (miro, hāmi, huruhuru hipi me ngā momo muka hanga-tangata, ngā muka hangai me ngā rauemi whakarewa, ngā waea maitai) ka whakamahia hei rauemi anga mō ngā hua rapa hei whakarei ake i te kaha ā-pūkaha me te whakaiti i te rerekētanga o te hua. I roto i te tukanga whakarite rauemi mata, me pauna tika ngā kai kia rite ki te tauira. Kia taea ai te whakaranu i te rapa mata me te mea whakaranu kia ōrite, me tukatuka te rauemi. Me whakangawari te rapa mata i roto i te rūma whakamaroke i te 60–70℃, kātahi ka tapahia, ka pakaruhia kia iti. He puranga te mea whakaranu. Pērā i te paraffin, te waikawa stearic, te rosin, me ētahi atu kia kuruhia. Mena kei roto i te paura ngā poke ā-pūkaha, ngā matūriki taratara rānei, me tirotirohia kia tangohia ngā mea wai pērā i te pine tar me te coumarone, me whakamahana, me whakarewa, me mimiti, me tātari. Ko te hanganga mirumiru i te wā o te whakamomona rite ka pā ki te kounga o te hua.
3. Te whakakirihou
He pīwariwari te rapa mata, ā, kāore i te rite te kirihou e tika ana mō te tukatuka, nō reira ehara i te mea ngāwari ki te tukatuka. Hei whakapai ake i tōna kirihou, me ngaungau te rapa mata, kia ngāwari ai te horapa me te ōrite o te matū whakaranu ki roto i te rapa mata i te wā e whakaranua ana, ā, i te wā kotahi, he āwhina hoki ki te whakapai ake i te urunga o te rapa me te uru ki roto i te papanga muka i te wā e whakatārewatia ana, e hangaia ana hoki. Ko te tukanga o te whakaiti i ngā ngota mekameka roa o te rapa mata hei hanga kirihou ka kiia ko te ngaungau. E rua ngā tikanga mō te whakakirikiri i te rapa mata: te whakakirikiri ā-ringa me te whakakirikiri wera. Ko te ngaungau ā-ringa he tukanga e whakaitihia ana, e whakapotohia ana hoki ngā ngota mekameka roa o te rapa mai i te āhua pīwariwari teitei ki te āhua kirihou mā te whakaputanga ā-ringa me te waku o te kaiwhakakirikiri i te pāmahana iti. Ko te whakakirikiri wera ko te tuku i te hau wera kua pēhia ki roto i te rapa mata i raro i te mahi a te wera me te hāora hei whakaiti i ngā ngota mekameka roa me te whakapoto i a rātou kia whiwhi ai i te kirihou.
4.Whakaranu
Hei urutau ki ngā momo whakamahinga, hei whiwhi i ngā momo āhuatanga, ā, hei whakapai ake i te mahi a ngā hua rapa me te whakaiti i ngā utu, me tāpiri ngā momo matū whakaranu rerekē ki te rapa mata. Ko te whakaranu he tukanga e whakaranua ai te rapa mata kua ngaungauhia ki te matū whakaranu, ā, ka horahia katoatia, ka ōrite hoki te matū whakaranu ki roto i te rapa mata mā te whakaranu ā-ringa i roto i te mīhini whakaranu rapa. He tukanga nui te whakaranu i roto i te tukanga whakaputa hua rapa. Ki te kore e ōrite te whakaranu, kāore e taea te whakamahi katoa i te pānga o te rapa me ngā matū whakaranu, ka pā ki te mahi a te hua. Ko te rauemi rapa i whiwhihia i muri i te whakaranu ka kiia ko te rapa whakaranu. He rauemi haurua-oti mō te hanga i ngā momo hua rapa, e mōhiotia whānuitia ana ko te rauemi rapa, e hokona ana hei taonga hokohoko. Ka taea e ngā kaihoko te whakamahi i te rauemi rapa ki te tukatuka tika, ki te hanga me te whakamomona ki roto i ngā hua rapa e hiahiatia ana. . E ai ki ngā momo whakatakotoranga, he maha ngā momo me ngā momo rerekē me ngā āhuatanga rerekē hei whiriwhiri.
5. Te Hanga
I roto i te tukanga whakaputa hua rapa, ko te tukanga hanga-mua i ngā āhua me ngā rahi rerekē mā te whakamahi i ngā maramataka, i ngā taputapu whakaputa rānei, ka kiia he whakapūtanga.
6. Te Whakapūngao
Ko te tukanga huri i te rapa kirihou ki te rapa pīwariwari ka kiia ko te whakamomona. Ko te tāpiri i tētahi nui o te kaiāwhina whakamomona pērā i te whanariki, te whakatere whakamomona, me ētahi atu. Ka honoa ngā ngota raina o te rapa mata ki a rātou anō hei hanga i tētahi hanganga whatunga toru-ahu mā te hanganga o ngā "piriti whanariki", kia huri ai te matū rapa kirihou hei whakamomona pīwariwari tino pīwariwari.
Wā tuku: Maehe-29-2022
